18到23章节，学习的内容很少。所以一起打卡了。

lumbago: 腰痛

valet: 贴身男仆 a man’s personal male attendant, who is responsible for his clothes and appearance. 

giant corkscrew:

typhoid: 伤寒

is a bacterial infection du to Salmonella type that causes symptoms. A typhoid vaccine can prevent about 30% to 70% of cases during the first two years. 

Typhoid fever was prevalent 流行的 during the war and many physicians noted in their casebooks that at one time or another, and within their regiments, that “typhoid fever seems to be the prevailing disease.”

Throughout the war, physicians at the new Army Medical Museum conducted research projects into typhoid fever hoping to better understand the disease, however, the salmonella type bacillus was not identified until 1880. Thus in the 1860s the standard approach was to manage typhoid fever by creating an epidemiological picture of the disease and to study its pathogenesis through the examination of the small intestines at autopsy, which usually displayed the characteristic ulcerations of the Peyer’s Patches. 

By 1864 the fatality rates for typhoid fever was still s staggering 60%. 

"It was during the 19th century that typhoid fever emerged as a deadly infectious disease in which there were no effective treatments. Early in the war, from 1861-1863, this infectious disease spread from camp to camp, causing men to become sick and die. This period early in the war was called the medical middle ages due to a lack of knowledge towards infectious diseases and what made them so lethal. Typhoid fever was one of several infectious diseases that emerged in 1861 during the first year of the war. At the start of the war, in both the Confederate and Union armies, there were few doctors to help against this disease. Many of these doctors were inexperienced in the way of medicine, and therefore, were unable to stop the spread of these diseases that caused more deaths than battlefield wounds. “  — 

Understanding Typhoid in the American Civil War: A Study of Typhoid Within the Union and Confederate Armies, 1861-1865  by  Robinson, Nick, Mar 08, 2017

Hominy: is a food produced from dried corn kernels that have been treated with an alkali in a process called nixtamalization.  coarsely break up the corn into a pulp, and boiling it making hominy. 

pone:  a baked or fried bread usually made of cornmeal

god give a goat: 

在这比喻中，主耶稣把信徒分为来两队，一队是能得救的绵羊，一队是不能得救的山羊，不信主的人不包括在内。绵羊能得救不是因为他们单遵守道理没有犯死罪，而是他们能以主的爱实行主的新命令——彼此相爱，不是单爱那爱自己的人，且爱那些身心穷困而饥饿，干渴，没衣服穿，没地方住，或遇患难，受逼迫，生病的同灵。山羊虽遵守神的道理，没有违背十诫， 但他们可能只爱那爱他们的人， 不能用主的爱爱那些患难中穷困的同灵， 因此违背了主最后赐下的最重要的命令——彼此相爱。分羊的比喻是耶稣用的比喻说明末日他再来的事 (马太福音25章:31-36节).

最后这句话很有寓意。越读越觉得太TM有道理！

"Dear Scarlett!  You aren't helpless. Anyone as selfish and determined as you are is never helpless. God help the Yankees if they should get you."