1-signal 标志，表明

2-deadlock 困境

3-exhaul 全面改革

4-cash-starved 资金缺乏的

5-shore up 支持

Prime Minister Boris Johnson signaled an end to Britain's era of brexit deadlock on December 19, announcing packed legislative programs intended to take the UK out of the European Union on December 31, exhaul everything from fishing to financial services and shore up the country's cash-starved public services.

6-commanding 遥遥领先的，居领先地位的

7-all but 几乎，差不多

8-cast a shadow over 给……蒙上一层阴影，给……带来负面影响

The commanding house of Commons majority won by Johnson's conservative party in last week's general election, all but guarantees he will be able to turn those promises into law, although with brexit casting a shadow over British economy, there is a question mark over how he will pay for it all.

9-open the floodgates 打开阀门（常用于修持）

10-in vain 徒劳，无结果

Johnson opened the legislative floodgates after three years in which the minority conservative governments tried in vain to win lawmakers' backing for their brexit plans.